Transient luminous occasions showing above thunderstorms symbolize a fascinating phenomenon. These temporary optical emissions, occurring within the mesosphere and decrease ionosphere, manifest as numerous types of illumination. Examples embody sprites, that are reddish bursts; elves, characterised by quickly increasing halos; and jets, that are cone-shaped discharges extending upward from cloud tops.
Understanding these occurrences contributes considerably to atmospheric science. Their examine gives insights into {the electrical} exercise inside thunderstorms and the advanced interactions between the decrease and higher environment. Traditionally, observations had been rare and sometimes dismissed, however developments in observational know-how have allowed for extra detailed and systematic investigation, revealing their prevalence and affect on atmospheric processes.